Understanding human communication / Ronald B. Adler, George Rodman, with Carrie Cropley.
"For over three decades, this has been the best-selling text for the introduction to human communication course. Understanding Human Communication is written with one goal in mind: to provide students with the insights and skills to succeed in our changing world. Ronald B. Adler, George Rodman,...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford ; New York :
Oxford University Press,
2012.
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| Edition: | Eleventh edition. |
| Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- Part I. Fundamentals Of Communication
- 1. Human Communication: What And Why
- 2. The Changing World Of Communication
- 3. The Self, Perception,and Perception
- Part II. Communication Elements
- 4. Language
- 5. Listening
- 6. Nonverbal Communication
- Part III. Interpersonal Communication
- 7. Understanding Interpersonal Relationships
- 8. Improving Interpersonal Relationships
- Part IV. Communication In Groups
- 9. Communicating In Groups
- Part V. Public Communication
- 11. Preparing Speeches
- 12. Organizination And Support
- 13. Informative Speaking
- 14. Persuasive Speaking
- PART I. FUNDAMENTALS OF COMMUNICATION
- 1. HUMAN COMMUNICATION: WHAT AND WHY
- Communication Defined
- Communication Is a Process
- Communication Is Symbolic
- Types of Communication
- Intrapersonal Communication
- Dyadic/Interpersonal Communication
- Small Group Communication
- Public Communication
- Mass Communication
- Functions of Communication
- Physical Needs
- Identity Needs
- Social Needs
- Practical Needs
- Modeling Communication
- A Linear Model
- A Transactional Model
- Communication Competence: What Makes an Effective Communicator?
- Communication Competence Defined
- Characteristics of Competent Communicators
- Clarifying Misconceptions About Communication
- Communication Does Not Always Require Complete Understanding
- Communication Will Not Solve All Problems
- Communication Isn't Always a Good Thing
- Meanings Rest in People, Not Words
- Communication Is Not Simple
- More Communication Isn't Always Better
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: The Many Meanings of Communication
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: Social Media Meet Communication Needs
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Call Centers and Culture
- @WORK: When More Communication Isn't Better: Declaring E-mail Bankruptcy
- 2. THE CHANGING WORLD OF COMMUNICATION
- Understanding Change
- Changing Technologies
- Changing Discipline
- Changing Demographics
- Communicating in a Diverse World
- Intercultural and Intergroup Communication
- Cultural Values and Norms
- Developing Intercultural Communication Competence
- Social Media in a Changing World
- Mediated Versus Face-to-Face Communication
- Mediated Communication in Society
- Communicating Competently with Social Media
- @WORK: Can You Be Too Connected?
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: "Sexting" Surprise: Teens Face Child Porn Charges
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: The Etiquette of Internet "Stalking"
- 3. THE SELF, PERCEPTION, AND PERCEPTION
- Communication and the Self
- Self-Concept Defined
- Communication and Development of the Self
- Culture and the Self-Concept
- The Self-Concept and Communication with Others
- The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy and Communication
- Perceiving Others
- Steps in the Perception Process
- Narratives, Perception, and Communication
- Common Perceptual Tendencies
- Perception in Mediated Communication
- Perception and Culture
- Empathy, Perception, and Communication
- Communication and Identity Management
- Public and Private Selves
- Characteristics of Identity Management
- Why Manage Identities?
- Identity Management in Mediated Communication
- Identity Management and Honesty
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Managing Identity and Coming Out
- @WORK: Identity Management in the Workplace
- PART II. COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS
- 4. LANGUAGE
- The Nature of Language
- Language Is Symbolic
- Meanings Are in People, Not Words
- Language Is Rule Governed
- The Power of Language
- Language Shapes Attitudes
- Language Reflects Attitudes
- Troublesome Language
- The Language of Misunderstandings
- Disruptive Language
- Evasive Language
- Gender and Language
- Content
- Reasons for Communicating
- Conversational Style
- Nongender Variables
- Culture and Language
- Verbal Communication Styles
- Language and Worldview
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: What the *@#$!?
- @WORK: What's in a Name?
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Lost in Translation
- 5. LISTENING
- Misconceptions About Listening
- Listening and Hearing Are Not the Same Thing
- Listening Is Not a Natural Process
- All Listeners Do Not Receive the Same Message
- Overcoming Challenges to Effective Listening
- Mindful Listening Requires Effort
- Faulty Listening Behaviors
- Reasons for Poor Listening
- Personal Listening Styles
- Content-Oriented
- People-Oriented
- Action-Oriented
- Time-Oriented
- Informational Listening
- Don't Argue or Judge Prematurely
- Separate the Message from the Speaker
- Search for Value
- Look for Key Ideas
- Ask Questions
- Paraphrase
- Take Notes
- Critical Listening
- Listen for Information Before Evaluating
- Evaluate the Speaker's Credibility
- Examine the Speaker's Evidence and Reasoning
- Examine Emotional Appeals
- Listening as Social Support
- Social Support and Mediated Communication
- Gender and Social Support
- Types of Supportive Responses
- When and How to Help
- @WORK: Multitasking: A Recipe for Inattention
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: What Good Is Free Speech if No One Listens?
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Council: Reviving the Art of Listening
- 6. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
- Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication
- Nonverbal Behavior Has Communicative Value
- Nonverbal Communication Is Primarily Relational
- Nonverbal Communication Is Ambiguous
- Nonverbal Communication Is Different from Verbal Communication
- Nonverbal Skills Are Important
- Influences on Nonverbal Communication
- Culture
- Gender
- Functions of Nonverbal Communication
- Repeating
- Substituting
- Complementing
- Accenting
- Regulating
- Contradicting
- Deceiving
- Types of Nonverbal Communication
- Body Movements
- Voice
- Appearance
- Touch
- Space
- Environment
- Time
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Nonverbal Learning Disorder
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: Expressiveness in Online Communication
- @WORK: Touch and Career Success
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Doing Business Across Cultures
- PART III. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
- 7. UNDERSTANDING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
- Why We Form Relationships
- Appearance
- Similarity
- Complementarity
- Reciprocal Attraction
- Competence
- Disclosure
- Proximity
- Rewards
- Characteristics of Interpersonal Communication
- What Makes Communication Interpersonal?
- Interpersonal Communication in Mediated Relationships
- Content and Relational Messages
- Metacommunication
- Communication over the Relational Life Span
- A Developmental Perspective
- A Dialectical Perspective
- Intimacy in Interpersonal Relationships
- Dimensions of Intimacy
- Male and Female Intimacy Styles
- Cultural Influences on Intimacy
- Self-Disclosure in Interpersonal Relationships
- Models of Self-Disclosure
- Characteristics of Effective Self-Disclosure
- Guidelines for Appropriate Self-Disclosure
- Alternatives to Self-Disclosure
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: To End a Romance, Just Press "Send": Instant Messaging Altering the Way We Love
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: Is It Ever Right to Lie?
- @WORK: Social Capital: Personal Relationships and Career Advancement
- 8. IMPROVING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
- Communication Climates in Interpersonal Relationships
- Confirming and Disconfirming Messages
- How Communication Climates Develop
- Creating Positive Communication Climates
- Managing Interpersonal Conflict
- The Nature of Conflict
- Styles of Expressing Conflict
- Characteristics of an Assertive Message
- Gender and Conflict Style
- Conflict in Mediated Communication
- Cultural Influences on Conflict
- Methods for Conflict Resolution
- Steps in Win-Win Problem Solving
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: Can You Hear Me Now?
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: A Comparison of Dialogue and Debate
- @WORK: Dealing with Sexual Harassment
- PART IV. COMMUNICATION IN GROUPS
- 9. COMMUNICATING IN GROUPS
- The Nature of Groups
- What Is a Group?
- Virtual and Face-to-Face Groups
- Goals of Groups and Their Members
- Individual Goals
- Group Goals
- Characteristics of Groups
- Rules and Norms
- Roles
- Patterns of Interaction
- Decision-Making Methods
- Cultural Influences on Group Communication
- Individualism Versus Collectivism
- Power Distance
- Uncertainty Avoidance
- Task Versus Social Orientation
- Short- Versus Long-Term Orientation
- Leadership and Power in Groups
- Power in Groups
- What Makes Leaders Effective?
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: The Power of Small Groups
- @WORK: What Makes a Group a Team?
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Baseball in Japan and the USA
- 10. SOLVING PROBLEMS IN GROUPS
- Problem Solving in Groups: When and Why
- Advantages of Group Problem Solving
- When to Use Groups for Problem Solving
- Group Problem-Solving Strategies and Formats
- Problem-Solving Formats
- Solving Problems in Virtual Groups
- Approaches and Stages in Problem Solving
- A Structured Problem-Solving Approach
- Developmental Stages in Problem-Solving Groups
- Maintaining Positive Relationships
- Basic Skills
- Building Cohesiveness
- Overcoming Dangers in Group Discussion
- Information Underload and Overload
- Unequal Participation
- Pressure to Conform
- INVITATION TO INSIGHT: Once Upon a September Day
- @WORK: Setting Up a Virtual Group
- PART V. PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
- 11. PREPARING SPEECHES
- Getting Started
- Choosing Your Topic??
- Defining Your Purpose
- Writing a Purpose Statement
- Stating Your Thesis
- Analyzing the Speaking Situation
- The Listener: Audience Analysis
- The Occasion
- Gathering Information
- Web Research
- Library Research?
- Interviewing?
- Survey Research?
- Managing Communication Apprehension?
- Facilitative and Debilitative Communication Apprehension?
- Sources of Debilitative Communication Apprehension
- Overcoming Debilitative Communication Apprehension ??
- Choosing a Type of Delivery?
- Extemporaneous?
- Impromptu?
- Manuscript?
- Memorized?
- Practicing the Speech
- Guidelines for Delivery?
- Visual Aspects of Delivery
- Auditory Aspects of Delivery
- @WORK: Sample Analysis of a Speaking Situation
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: A Compendium of American Dialects
- 12. ORGANIZINATION AND SUPPORT
- Structuring Your Speech
- Your Working Outline
- Your Formal Outline
- Your Speaking Notes
- Principles of Outlining
- Standard Symbols
- Standard Format
- The Rule of Division
- The Rule of Parallel Wording
- Organizing Your Outline into a Logical Pattern
- Time Patterns
- Space Patterns
- Topic Patterns
- Problem-Solution Patterns
- Cause-Effect Patterns
- Using Transitions
- Beginning and Ending the Speech
- The Introduction
- The Conclusion
- Supporting Material
- Functions of Supporting Material
- Types of Supporting Material
- Style of Support: Narration and Citation
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: Nontraditional Patterns of Organization
- @WORK: Organizing Business Presentations
- UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: Plagiarism in a Digital Age
- 13. INFORMATIVE SPEAKING
- Types of Informative Speaking
- By Content
- By Purpose
- Informative Versus Persuasive Topics
- An Informative Topic Tends to Be Noncontroversial
- The Informative Speaker Does Not Intend to Change Audience Attitudes
- Techniques of Informative Speaking
- Create Information Hunger
- Make it Easy to Listen
- Use Clear, Simple Language
- Use a Clear Organization and Structure
- Use Supporting Material Effectively
- Emphasize Important Points
- Generate Audience Involvement
- Using Visual Aids
- Types of Visual Aids
- Media for the Presentation of Visual Aids
- Rules for Using Visual Aids
- Using Power Point
- UNDERSTANDING DIVERSITY: How Culture Affects Information
- @WORK: The Pros and Cons of PowerPoint
- 14. PERSUASIVE SPEAKING
- Characteristics of Persuasion
- Persuasion Is Not Coercive
- Persuasion Is Usually Incremental
- Persuasion Is Interactive
- Persuasion Can Be Ethical
- Categorizing Types of Persuasion
- By Types of Proposition
- By Desired Outcome
- By Directness of Approach
- Creating the Persuasive Message
- Set a Clear, Persuasive Purpose
- Structure the Message Carefully
- Use Solid Evidence
- Avoid Fallacies
- Adapting to the Audience
- Establish Common Ground
- Organize According to the Expected Response
- Neutralize Potential Hostility
- Building Credibility as a Speaker
- Competence
- Character
- Charisma.