Academic Journal
Das Bündnis mit den Eltern: das Kind, die Krankheit und das Geld: Psychosoziale, medizinische und gesellschaftliche Ideengeschichte der Integration von Eltern in die Spitalsabteilungen (des Rooming-ins) sowie des Fundraisings in der Pädiatrie in Österreich, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des St. Anna-Kinderspitals
| Title: | Das Bündnis mit den Eltern: das Kind, die Krankheit und das Geld: Psychosoziale, medizinische und gesellschaftliche Ideengeschichte der Integration von Eltern in die Spitalsabteilungen (des Rooming-ins) sowie des Fundraisings in der Pädiatrie in Österreich, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des St. Anna-Kinderspitals (German) |
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| Authors: | Topf, Reinhard J. |
| Source: | Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde; 2023 Suppl5, Vol. 171, p356-398, 43p |
| Alternate Title: | The alliance with the parents: the child, the disease and the money: Psychosocial, medical and societal history of ideas in the integration of parents in the hospital departments (rooming-in) and fundraising in pediatrics in Austria, particularly with respect to the Saint Anna Children's Hospital (English) |
| Abstract (English): | This article focusses on the history of the medical and psychosocial care of severely ill children in hospitals, particularly in connection with their funding resources. The starting point of this article is the history of the first children's hospital in Austria, the Saint Anna Children's Hospital, which was mainly financed by wealthy patrons. This patronage system formed the main way to fund the hospital right up to the end of WWI. The rising democratization at the start of the twentieth century furthered a temporary liberalization of medical and scientific advances. Unfortunately, this momentous peak of a democracy was stopped by the ascent of fascist governments in the German speaking world. The modern approaches of psychoanalysis were banned and with the onset of the Nazi regime, their proponents were eliminated in the Shoa or forced to emigrate to the Anglo-American hemisphere. After WWII these scientific advances returned from the USA and the UK to central Europe and paved the way to the still running rooming-ins. For the first time parents gained a say in the running of a hospital. Meanwhile, a process of democratization started in the German speaking part of Europe, particularly in the fields of medicine and health care. Subsequently, the previously little known Anglo-American term fundraising became a household name in German. This article discusses the ethical aspects of fundraising principles in the field of childcare, while it also critically considers the relationship between public funding versus private fundraising. The final part of the article deals with the most important parent associations in their historical context, as it is the parents that play a significant role in pediatrics. They are the legal representatives of these seriously ill children, while they are also their personal "lawyers" and "doctors". Furthermore, these parental initiatives proved an effective tool in fundraising. The necessity of financial support was urged by the potential death their children faced. Representing their children, the parents forced various reforms of the incrusted structures in the hospital and subsequently helped to improve the conventional structures. With the opening of the children's wards, they became partners for the hospital in these reforms. They played a significant part in improving the conditions of medical treatment and increased the rate of healed children and youth with cancer. Their focus on the mental and psychological situation of their children led to them establishing psychosocial groups. As lobbyists for their children, they convinced governmental agencies to extensively finance means for psychosocial staff at the hospital. The Saint Anna Children's Hospital and its parent associations took this path from an early moment on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (German): | Zusammenfassung: Diese Arbeit stellt die Geschichte der medizinischen und psychosozialen Versorgung von schwer kranken Kindern im Zusammenhang mit dem finanziellen Rahmen in den Mittelpunkt der Betrachtungen. Ausgehend vom ersten Kinderkrankenhaus in Österreich – dem St. Anna-Kinderspital – wird das Mäzenatentum, welches bis zum Ende des Ersten Weltkrieges sicherlich die vorherrschende Form der Finanzierung war, beschrieben. Die zunehmende Demokratisierung der Gesellschaft im 20. Jahrhundert führte zu einer kurzen Befreiung der Wissenschaften und der Medizin. Leider endete diese Hochblüte der Demokratie durch den aufkommenden Faschismus bald. Mit der Shoa wurden fortschrittliche Ideen der Psychoanalyse zur seelischen Situation schwer kranker Kinder aus dem deutschsprachigen in den angloamerikanischen Bereich vertrieben. Diese Arbeit schildert in der Folge die Rückkehr dieser Ideen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg und somit den Weg des Rooming-ins – der Integration der Eltern in den Spitalsalltag – zurück nach Mitteleuropa. Sie stellt die Demokratisierung nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg der mitteleuropäischen deutschsprachigen Welt, insbesondere auch der Medizin und des Gesundheitswesens, in den Mittelpunkt. Der Begriff des „Fundraisings" hielt mit diesem Prozess Einkehr in den deutschen Sprachgebrauch. Es werden die wichtigsten Elternvereine und deren Aktivitäten im historischen Kontext beleuchtet. Die Elterninitiativen der krebskranken Kinder erwiesen sich als besonders schlagkräftig im Aufbringen von Spendengeldern. Sie trugen somit erheblich zu einer Verbesserung der Rahmenbedingungen der medizinischen Behandlungen und der Steigerung der Heilungsraten bei den krebskranken Kindern und Jugendlichen bei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00269298 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00112-023-01872-x |
| Database: | Complementary Index |